GOGGLES FOR BLIND
ABSTRACT
Blindness may result from a disease, injury or other conditions that limit vision. Legal blindness means that a person has vision that measures 20/200 or worse, explains the Iowa Department for the Blind. For example, someone with 20/200 vision sees an object from 20 feet that a person with perfect 20/20 vision is able to see from 200 feet. Knowing the challenges blindness creates may help sighted people understand what blind people face each day. People with complete blindness or low vision often have a difficult time self-navigating outside well-known environments. In fact, physical movement is one of the biggest challenges for blind people, explains World Access for the Blind. Traveling or simply walking down a crowded street may pose great difficulty. Because of this, many people with low vision will bring a sighted friend or family member to help navigate unknown environments. As well, blind people must learn every detail about the home environment. Large obstacles such as tables and chairs must remain in one location to prevent injury. If a blind person lives with others, each member of the household must diligently keep walkways clear and all items in designated locations. So our project help the poor blind people. They no need to spend much more just by 200 to 300 bucks they can buy this Goggles and live their life better than before.
COMPONENTS USED
1) ARDUINO
2) BLACK GOGGLES
3) VIBRATOR
4) BUZZER
5) ULTRASONIC SENSOR
ARDUINO
Arduino is a developing board which consist of microcontroller. The Arduino Nano is a small, complete, and breadboard-friendly board based on the ATmega32 . It has more or less the same functionality of the Arduino Uno, but in a different package. It lacks only a DC power jack, and works with a Mini-B USB cable instead of a standard one.
ARDUINO MICROCONTROLLER:
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing.
Over the years Arduino has been the brain of thousands of projects, from everyday objects to complex scientific instruments. A worldwide community of makers - students, hobbyists, artists, programmers, and professionals - has gathered around this open-source platform, their contributions have added up to an incredible amount of accessible knowledge that can be of great help to novices and experts alike.
Arduino was born at the Ivrea Interaction Design Institute as an easy tool for fast prototyping, aimed at students without a background in electronics and programming. As soon as it reached a wider community, the Arduino board started changing to adapt to new needs and challenges, differentiating its offer from simple 8-bit boards to products for IoT applications, wearable, 3D printing, and embedded environments. All Arduino boards are completely open-source, empowering users to build them independently and eventually adapt them to their particular needs. The software, too, is open-source, and it is growing through the contributions of users worldwide.
Why Arduino?
Thanks to its simple and accessible user experience, Arduino has been used in thousands of different projects and applications. The Arduino software is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced users. It runs on Mac, Windows, and Linux. Teachers and students use it to build low cost scientific instruments, to prove chemistry and physics principles, or to get started with programming and robotics. Designers and architects build interactive prototypes, musicians and artists use it for installations and to experiment with new musical instruments. Makers, of course, use it to build many of the projects exhibited at the Maker Faire, for example. Arduino is a key tool to learn new things. Anyone - children, hobbyists, artists, programmers - can start tinkering just following the step by step instructions of a kit, or sharing ideas online with other members of the Arduino community. There are many other microcontrollers and microcontroller platforms available for physical computing. Parallax Basic Stamp, Netmedia's BX-24, Phidgets, MIT's Handy board, and many others offer similar functionality. All of these tools take the messy details of microcontroller programming
and wrap it up in an easy-to-use package. Arduino also simplifies the process of working with microcontrollers, but it offers some advantage for teachers, students, and interested amateurs over other systems
Cross-platform - The Arduino Software (IDE) runs on Windows, Macintosh OSX, and Linux operating systems. Most microcontroller systems are limited to Windows.
Simple, clear programming environment - The Arduino Software (IDE) is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough for advanced users to take advantage of as well. For teachers, it's conveniently based on the Processing programming environment, so students learning to program in that environment will be familiar with how the Arduino IDE works.
Open source and extensible software - The Arduino software is published as open source tools, available for extension by experienced programmers. The language can be expanded through C++ libraries, and people wanting to understand the technical details can make the leap from Arduino to the AVR C programming language on which it's based. Similarly, you can add AVR-C code directly into your Arduino programs if you want to. Open source and extensible hardware - The plans of the Arduino boards are published under a Creative Commons license, so experienced circuit designers can make their own version of the module, extending it and improving it. Even relatively inexperienced users can build the breadboard version of the module in order to understand how it works and save money.
BLACK GOGGLES
Black goggles is a common type Goggles made up of plastics. The main features of this Goggle is light in weight and strong enough.
VIBRATOR Vibrator is used to notify the blind people by physically alert them. They are very small in size. It is a core less type motor basically made up of steel cover and copper wire inside them. When power is given to this motor, rotor start rotate and vibration cause
BUZZER Buzzer is used to alert the host by sound or beep. There are different type of buzzer are available in market now a days. We used Piezoelectric buzzer. Piezoelectric buzzers, or piezo buzzers, as they are sometimes called.
ULTRASONIC SENSOR
Ultrasonic Sensor is an electronic device which continuously emit the ultrasonic wave (above 20Khz). It is a simple device which is used to detect or identify the obstacles or something else present in front of the person.
Ultrasonic sensors are devices that use electrical–mechanical energy transformation to measure distance from the sensor to the target object. Ultrasonic waves are longitudinal mechanical waves which travel as a sequence of compressions and rarefactions along the direction of wave propagation through the medium. Apart from distance measurement, they are also used in ultrasonic material testing (to detect cracks, air bubbles, and other flaws in the products), Object detection, position detection, ultrasonic mouse, etc.
These sensors are categorized in two types according to their working phenomenon – piezoelectric sensors and electrostatic sensors. Here we are discussing the ultrasonic sensor using the piezoelectric principle. Piezoelectric ultrasonic sensors use a piezoelectric material to generate the ultrasonic waves.
WORKING:
The working principle of this gadget is based in echolocation principle. The ultrasonic sensor emits the ultrasound waves rapidly. Id any object come in front of the blind people it will give signal to microcontroller , microcontroller activate the buzzer and vibrator.This is perfect indication so blind people can easily identify any objects in front of them.
OTHER APPLICATION TOO
We can implement this system in vehicle too for smart braking system. We see the recent tragedy happened in New Delhi due to smog lots of accidents take place. Drivers are not able to see in front of them. So this system will help in that situation too.
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